Erectile Dysfunction Medication: Options, How They Work, and What to Know

When talking about erectile dysfunction medication, drugs used to improve sexual performance in men with erectile dysfunction (ED). Also known as ED meds, it targets the physical causes that prevent a firm erection and is often the first line of treatment recommended by doctors.

One major group within this field is PDE5 inhibitors, a class of oral drugs that boost blood flow to the penis by blocking the enzyme phosphodiesterase type‑5. Common examples include sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil. These medications are taken as needed or daily, depending on dosage and lifestyle, and they work best when there is sexual stimulation. Because they act on blood vessels, they’re not suitable for men taking nitrates for heart conditions. Understanding the dosage, timing, and food interactions helps avoid side effects like headaches or flushing.

Another important therapy is testosterone therapy, hormone replacement used when low testosterone contributes to erectile problems. Men with confirmed low levels may receive injections, gels, or patches. This approach can improve libido, energy, and erection quality, but it requires regular blood monitoring to catch potential risks such as elevated red blood cell counts or prostate issues. It’s usually considered after evaluating cardiovascular health and when PDE5 inhibitors alone aren’t enough.

Beyond oral pills and hormones, some patients benefit from alprostadil, a prostaglandin that can be injected directly into the penis or applied as a urethral suppository. This drug works by expanding blood vessels locally, producing an erection without the systemic effects of oral meds. It’s an option for men who can’t use PDE5 inhibitors due to medication interactions or severe vascular disease. While effective, it may cause penile pain or fibrosis if not administered correctly, so training with a healthcare provider is essential. Together, these treatments illustrate how erectile dysfunction medication encompasses a range of pharmacologic options, each suited to different underlying causes and patient profiles. Below you’ll find a curated list of articles that dive deeper into how each drug class works, safety considerations, cost factors, and practical tips for choosing the right solution for your needs.